As previously punished and treated homosexuals

At all times, the attitude towards homosexuals was different in all countries. Somewhere they were forbidden, punished and even killed, but somewhere, on the contrary, encouraged. Drevneshumerskih from brothels across the fires of the Inquisition to the Victorian psychiatric hospital - we tell where and how to punish, kill and tried to treat homosexuals.

Ancient Egypt

In spite of the rather loose by modern standards, the mores, and the fact that most of the ancient Egyptians generally went without clothes, homosexuality in those days was not encouraged. "The first same-sex couple" Egyptians called khnumhotep and niankhkhnum. They lived during the reign of Pharaoh Nyuserre Ini from the fifth dynasty (ca. 2458 -... 2422 years BC) and were quite high nobles. Both wore the title of keepers of the royal manicure, were trustees of Pharaoh, and the prophets of Ra in the sun temples Nyuserre Ini. Despite their same-sex relationships and Hnumhotep and Nianhhnum they were married and had children. The 125th chapter of the Book of the Dead, homosexuality was considered the 27th of the 42 sins in an imperfect which had justified the ancient Egyptian gods before the court.

Mesopotamia

For the ancient city of Uruk was generally characterized by a broad spread of any prostitution, including homosexual. Although, according to the laws sredneassiriyskim II Millennium BC. e. homosexuality was severely punished. The law was even a special section on this subject, which read: "If a man knew his equal, and his oath was charged and convicted, should know him and castrate him."

Israel and Judah

Everything is strictly enough. The book of Leviticus says: "And Jehovah said unto Moses, Say unto the children of Israel: ... And a man does not lie, they lie with a woman: it is abomination. ... Do not defile yourselves with all this, for in all these the nations defiled which I cast out before you. " "And a man who lies with a male as with a woman lie - they did they both are abomination, let death be put to death, their blood is upon them."

India

In ancient India, the attitude towards homosexuality and the punishment for it is very much dependent on the region and the particular person convicted of this act, or rather from his caste. For the girl who molested another girl, set a fine; if a woman is molested girl, then Brahmin shaved head kshatriyke cut off two fingers, and other public transportation of a donkey. At the same time, the "Kama Sutra" Vātsyāyana (III century) contains a detailed description of auparishtaki (oral sex with eunuch). According to the scientist: "Some men make auparishtaku young servant with shiny ornaments in the ears. The same make and some citizens, wanting to increase the mutual trust persuasion to please each other. "

Ancient China

Who would have thought, but the ancient China was one of the most loyal of countries in relation to homosexuals. Apparently, up to a certain time, same-sex relationships are not punished. On the contrary, many Chinese emperors of the Western Han Dynasty had in harems not only countless ladies, but also young people. A Fujian and did famous folk ritualization of same-sex marriages between men, embodied in the cult of Hu Tianbao.

Europe

About Europe, in general, clear and true. Ample evidence of ancient historians clearly show that the Germans, Celts, Etruscans and other European nations completely normal attitude towards homosexuality, not considering it something special or wrong. Diodorus of Sicily, in particular, about the Celts wrote: "Having women beautiful appearance, Gauls pay them little attention, being excessively obsessed with an insane passion for man's embrace." At the same time, the ancient Greek physician Soranus of Ephesus, who worked in Rome in the II century BC. e. in his writings he spoke of homosexuality as a mental disorder.

The Middle Ages

In place of antiquity came "Dark Ages." Church of the Holy Inquisition and tried by all means to stop not only same-sex relations, but also in general any expression of sexuality. That is why at the stake literally crowds burned all the beautiful women who, in their opinion, certainly were witches and their beauty conjured themselves. Over the witches at the stake, and went muzhelozhtsy. However, there is considerable evidence that the inquisitors themselves were not averse to have fun not only with prostitutes, but also with young boys. Of any attempt to "cure" homosexuality then, as you know, there could be no question. Inquisitor said on fire - so to the fire. But only after a good and lengthy torture itself.

Medieval Japan

And here for homosexuals "dark ages" it was a real paradise. As in ancient Greece, the sexual relationship between a man and a boy not only not forbidden, but also greatly encouraged and treating it as a form of mentoring. It was believed that in this way an experienced man "teaches" the boy to be strong. There are a huge number of Syudo era texts, which tell what strong and brave boys were in those days, and how bravely they fought with the enemy. Yes, homosexuality in medieval Japan was particularly prevalent among Samurai warriors.

Renaissance

The Renaissance in Europe brought with it not only the freedom of creativity, but at least a little, but still the freedom of manners. Yes, homosexuality was still grave and serious allegations, yes, for it could still be sentenced to severe punishment. But every year muzhelozhtsev become increasingly rare and generally burn executed. On the other hand, the prevalence of homosexual love especially among the clergy - a popular theme of satirical literature of the Renaissance. For example, in "Decameron" by Boccaccio (the middle of the XIV century) is given a description of the papal court in Rome, "all of them, young and old, openly womanizing, has not only betrayed debauchery natural, but fall into the sin of Sodom, that no one of them has no shame, no conscience, that enjoyed considerable influence here indecent girls, and boys as well, and that if anyone wish to ask yourself the great mercy, without their mediation can not do. "

of the XIX century

Since the beginning of the XIX century and the development of all areas of medicine, a growing number of scientists and doctors are turning their attention to the homosexual relations as the subject of careful study and analysis. Most of them came to the conclusion that homosexuality is a degenerative disease and should be treated, as well as many other mental disorders. Very popular were then marriages are "cured" (or as they are referred to as "inverted"), homosexuals, which gave occasion to the doctors say with certainty that this "disorder" is treatable. However, in comparison with the Renaissance it was already a big step forward, because homosexuals have become increasingly rare imprison and increasingly sent to the mental hospital.

the XX-th century

In 1906, in Germany, a book was published by British physician Henry Ellis' Sexual Inversion "in which he presented a scientific review of all known at the time of the facts in relation to homosexual relationships among animals, the" primitive "(uncivilized) peoples in antiquity and Ellis in modern era. Very bold and radical for that time, Ellis was the idea that he did not think homosexuality is somehow a mental disorder, and saw no need for its treatment. After the publication of his book in England were prosecuted as "voluptuous, mischievous, naughty, dirty, scandalous and indecent".

the father of modern psychology, Sigmund Freud did not consider homosexuality a disease. He was of the opinion that all people have a innate bisexuality and heterosexuality and homosexuality - are variants of early childhood development. In the long term treatment of homosexuality Freud also questioned and said that "attempts to transform ... a homosexual in a heterosexual, is likely to be unsuccessful."

Homosexuality is officially considered a mental disorder until 1990, when it was removed from the 10 revision of the International Classification of Diseases of WHO. However, this does not prevent many countries in the world today to prohibit same-sex relations, including at the legislative level. To this day, the world is still a lot of places where homosexuality should be, at best, a prison sentence, and at worst - death penalty.