What is volleyball: history of origin and rules. volleyball Federation

What is volleyball? It is popularly favorite team play with the ball played by both adults and children. In English volleyball can be translated as "to hit the ball on the fly." Play this game by two teams in a special area. What other rules and nuances have in volleyball, when and who invented it, and much more - all about it in the article.

The Basics volleyball

Volley English word means "flying" or "floating", well, ball, as you know - "ball". During the game, the competing teams tend to throw the ball over the net to the opponent so that he hit the floor, either party to the opposing team made a mistake.

The attack is allowed no more than three touches of the ball by a single team - then you need to throw the ball to the opponent.

Who, where and when to come up with volleyball?

William Morgan - that was the name of a person, in 1859, invented volleyball. History and its rules have their origin in the United States, Massachusetts, a small town of Holyoke. It is here that the head of the youth sport Christian organization came up with the idea to create an interesting team game with the ball. At first it was called differently - "mintonett". From America the game fell in Asia - Japan and China, and in the early 20th century it was played already in Europe.

Ideas become the basis for a volleyball net: Morgan hung it on a vacant lot at a height of about two meters, and gave the task - to throw the ball over the net. By the way, it was playing the role of an ordinary bull bubble. "Own" the ball game has got a little bit later. A number of players in the team could be absolutely anything.

How mintonett became volleyball?

In the Young Men's Christian Conference held in Springfield, it was decided to rename the game. He suggested a new name Alfred Halsted. According to him, "flying ball", and so it is possible to translate the English word volleyball, fits perfectly. After all, the ball bouncing off the player's hand, flies over the net, and there meets the hand of another player, that is almost touching the ground. Official rules of volleyball, too, appeared much later than its appearance: in the late 19th century. According to them, the weight of the ball should be exactly 340 grams, net for volleyball - located at a height of exactly 198 centimeters. The dimensions of the site equal to 7600 to 15,100 centimeters. The only thing that was free - the number of players. Points awarded to the player then, exchanged a ball over the net after filing. A team scores 21 points wins the match.

Volleyball today

At the moment, volleyball is one of the most popular and favorite sports. It is played as closed areas and outdoors. volleyball rules are simple, the inventory also requires simple, so it is so fond of players of all ages. To date, there is a single Volleyball Federation, which includes more than two hundred national federations. Without exaggeration, this is one of the most popular sports on the planet. And that is volleyball, knows everyone.

Modern rules of the game of volleyball

Rules of 1897, promulgated by William Morgan, was very simple. Today they are much more points, the subtleties and nuances.

The composition of the team and Positioning

All in the game takes two teams. Each volleyball team consists of six main players and up to six substitutes. Thus, all it should be a maximum of 12 people.

Before serving, the players are located throughout the site, broken in two rows of three each. Players become the front line in front of the net, the other three - behind. However, during the game, players can be in any place within its own grounds. There are certain players in the scheme of arrangement. If necessary, replacement of the substitute replaces core. The latter can once again return to the game, make a return replacement. But only if a substitute player with at least one party was played.

The playing field and area

On the playing field is golf, as well as a free zone. Form it should be strictly rectangular, with dimensions of 9 to 18 meters. Along the perimeter of the free zone is located at least three meters wide.

The surface of each zone in volleyball must be flat and horizontal. The players do not get injured during a match, it should not be slippery and have obstacles. If the game is played in the hall, the floor is painted in bright colors. Marking lines must have contrasting and their width - at least 5 cm.

What are the areas in volleyball, and how many of them all? According to the rules, six - the number one team. And they are on their own areas is not constant, but moved one place after each feeding. In a more general sense, the three zones: feed zone, a replacement zone and the front zone.

The number and duration of batches

Parties can be both three and five. Game, respectively, goes to 2 or up to 3 of one team wins. Before the start of the lot extends the right to choose one side or another site. It is responsible for this judge in volleyball. The team losing the toss for the right site selection, can select the pitch. In each of the next batch of players change both sides of the field, and another filing.

The break between batches volleyball lasts three minutes. However, before deciding set its duration is five minutes, and then again be a draw. Sometimes, after the second game, the break lasts up to ten minutes. But the game can be carried out without interruption and at all when in the deciding one of the teams managed to win 8 points.

batting and hitting technique

The player takes command of one of the ball after the whistle. Serve before the whistle can not - otherwise, filing replayed. On site there is a special place for feeding. The player gets it, throws the ball and beats it on the opposite side of the field. If the pitch was bad, and the ball touched the floor, the feed does not count. After the team won the pitch, made the players moving clockwise.

Anyone who knows what volleyball, surely familiar with the impact technique. In principle, the ball in this game, you can beat any convenient way. Blow counts even touch the ball with any part of the body above the waist. If the two members of the same team at the same time touched the ball, it's touch is equated directly to the two shocks. Next, the third blow must commit to any party other than these two. On the transfer of an opponent of the ball is given no more than 3 strokes, while it should not touch the ground, otherwise it is an error.

Lock and offside

There are special techniques in volleyball, for example, a ball lock. So is an attempt to interrupt the players attack the opposing team. Block the ball is restricted to members, located on the front line under the net. If any touch a hand, even failure, the lock count.

The ball is taking off for the site line is out of the game. In this case, it must relate to either the floor or some object outside the playing space. The team, from which the ball went over the line of the field, deprived of feed or loses a point.

How to count points?

The team reached 15 points account (provided that it has at least two-point advantage) wins the current game. If the score is equal to, for example, 14:14 or 15:15, the game continues until the next two points, and so on. The winner is the team that wins so the two parties of three or three out of five. Ratio sequence match is irrelevant.

How do I learn to play? Tactics and techniques in volleyball

To become an experienced player, you need to carefully work out the feeding technique to fix a certain hand positions to learn the optimal move on the site diagram. Learn all that you can on its own, but it is best to enroll in a specialized section. Today, they exist for both adults and children alike.

The key to successful game - fast and effective interaction with the ball. A player touches the ball must do so actively and quickly. In many ways, weight training helps to improve physical performance.

Contrary to popular belief, the defense in volleyball - not less important technique than attack. Only when the coordinated work of the whole team and well-constructed line of defense can be divided into the opponent's attack and win the match.

By the way, we are talking not only about the protection of its site from the ball, but also the protection of the players. The game of volleyball is to be carried out with the use of special protective equipment - for elbows and knees. These as well as other details, are registered in the Volleyball Federation and must be adhered to in the official competitions.

Sports Volleyball

There are several types of volleyball. Some of them even became an Olympic sport. For example, beach volleyball. Also called sand volleyball. From the classic varieties are smaller playing field, as well as a smaller number of players in the team.

A simpler kind of volleyball - throwball. Fond beginners for less stringent rules. Ball in throwball allowed to take in hand, and made a pass is not beating and throwing. There is also a park volleyball and mini-volleyball - a game in which players participate under the age of 14 years. In Germany, widespread faustbol - it beat off the ball in his fist or forearm (from the German word faust, which translates as "fist"). It is considered an official sport and women's volleyball, which is played only the fair sex.

Now that you know what is volleyball, as well as where it comes from, and how to play it. Learn this easy - both independently and in a special section of volleyball. It is only important to have a good response, high jump and have muscled the ball for successful attacks. For this is good and to engage in other sports. However, if you're a fan of volleyball and play in it every day, all these qualities are necessarily evolve over time.