History of the origin of famous sports games

Do you play in them or just watch as a spectator - sports games are a significant part of many people's lives. In addition it is a spectacle, sports games are also associated with the national identity of many countries, as the industry billions of dollars.

Have you ever wondered how these sports games originated? Even if you think you know, the interesting thing is that the history of the origin of sports games are filled with myths and legends. Here is the real story of how did these favorite games:

Lacrosse 10.

History of the origin of famous sports games

Lacrosse - it is the oldest sports team game in North America, which originated among Native Americans of the Eastern Woodlands and some of the Indian tribes of the Great Plains. The game was played warriors of the tribe to maintain your fitness. Many of the rules were different from modern lacrosse.

In addition to maintaining the soldiers in good shape, this game also was important for the society, contributing to the strengthening of diplomatic alliances and supporting social conformity. In addition, they used it as a form of worship of the gods.

In the 1840s the game became interested in Europeans, and in August 1844, the first match between a team from Europe and the Mohawk (Mohawk).

In 1856 in Quebec, Canada, Montreal lacrosse club was formed (Montreal Lacrosse Club). After the visit of the Prince of Wales in Montreal in August 1860 the popularity of lacrosse has grown even more.

A month later, after a visit to the dentist by the name of Prince William George Birthe (William George Beers) wrote the first official rules and regulations and replaced the ball buckskin on the rubber version. Since then, the popularity of the game has increased and there are now two professional lacrosse league in North America.

9. Golf

History of the origin of famous sports games

The origins of golf are the subject of heated debate. All credit is attributed themselves Scots and I must say, they have a certain right to it. Modern education games began in the middle of the XV century in Scotland. Rules at the time included the waving of the stick on the ball and moving it from point A to point B, using the least number of moves possible. However, there is evidence that the game has roots in a small town Luneng aan de Vecht (Loenen aan de Vecht) in the Netherlands, where the game was played there in 1297. This year was the beginning of an annual tradition when on the day of Christmas gifts (Boxing Day) (26 December) citizens have played a game called "kolf" ( "colf"). The game consists of two teams of 4 people, who in turn hit the wooden ball with a wooden stick in the direction of several consecutive goals.

In addition to mentioning "kolfe" in 1927, there is other evidence of golfopodobnyh games were played at all to the Netherlands for a century before in the Scottish literature in 1636 came the first mention of golf. However, as mentioned earlier, a heated debate underway on this issue, and many Scots do not believe that this is true.

8. Hockey (on ice)

History of the origin of famous sports games

Canadians generally considered polite and humble people, however, there is something that many Canadians are very emotional and proud boast - that ice hockey is their national heritage. According to them, this is their game. They are the best in it, and they came up with it.

However, according to a book published in 2014, hockey, probably appeared in England. There are references to this game, made in the early 1790s, and, in addition, it is unclear exactly who came up with this game. It is known that the game was popular in England for centuries. Among the famous people who have played hockey, mention of King Edward VII and Charles Darwin.

With regards to why the game was called so, there is a theory that was originally used as a washer cork. Plugs everywhere used as a gag for beer kegs, and a popular drink that time was "Hok el" (hock ale).

The reason that Canada is often associated with hockey, is that the first public match was held in Montreal on March 3, 1875. Prior to that, the game just played on the occasion.

7. Rugby

History of the origin of famous sports games

Rugby Game supposedly got its start in 1876, when 16-year-old William Webb Ellis (William Webb Ellis), playing football in the School Rugby (Rugby School) in Warwickshire (Warwickshire), England, took the ball in his hands and I ran with it. Unfortunately, this story can not be true, because Ellis died in 1872, ie 4 years before the event, which he is credited.

In reality, the game really came to school in Rugby, and this contributed to director Thomas Arnold School (Thomas Arnold). Rules were first written in 1845, and it is believed that the game of football has increased, but it remains unclear who was the first person who took the ball in his hands and ran with it.

After high school, students learn how to play, want to continue to play it as adults. Since the first game between the county, leading to the formation of the first clubs that, in turn, led to the formation in 1884 of the International Rugby Board (Rugby Football Board) were organized.

6. Cricket

History of the origin of famous sports games

For many people in North America, cricket is a bit mysterious, and seems rather complicated game. However, cricket like in many other countries around the world collecting the billions of spectators. In fact, it is the world's second most popular sport.

It is believed that cricket appeared in the XIII century in the English countryside, where he played the shepherds. As the goal of using the gate for the sheep pen and a ball of wool rags or hammered into the goal. count had to use a curve shepherd's stick to hit the ball and prevent it from entering the goal.

The game has gained popularity throughout the region: in it continued to play throughout the ages. The first recorded cricket match (with the participation of 11 players on each team) took place in 1697 in the county of Sussex (Sussex). His prize money amounted to 50 guineas. Eight years later, the first match between the counties: it was attended by teams of Kent (Kent) and Surrey (Surrey). Probably, the rules at that time already existed, but the oldest rules of the game, known in the art, date from 1744.

5. Tennis

History of the origin of famous sports games

It is believed that even the ancient Egyptians, Greeks and Romans played in the original form of tennis. However, the origin of modern tennis dates back to around 1000 BC. e., when a French monastery in it began to play a monk. They played with the help of his hands and a wooden ball, so the game was more like a volleyball.

Mesh is usually served as a rope stretched across the yard. There also was born and the name of this sports game. During the game, the monks chanted "shadows" ( "tenez"), which translated from French means "stop!", While throwing the ball.

Over the next two centuries, the game became popular throughout Europe and the XIII century, there were already 1800 indoor courts. By 1500, widespread wooden frame racquet tapered strings of sheep gut and balls are made of cork.

However, that game was significantly different from the modern tennis, which appeared in 1873, when the rules were first published. In 1877 at Wimbledon (Wimbledon), the first tennis tournament, at which it was decided to form the judging method and adopted a tennis scoring.

4. Basketball

History of the origin of famous sports games

keep hitting our bet, for you were not a surprise that Canadians claim to be the inventors of hockey. However, did you know that Canadians actually invented one of the most popular American sports games, basketball?

Dr. James Naismith (James Naismith) of Olmonta (Almonte), Ontario, was born in 1861. After several years of working as a logger, he received a degree in Physical Education at McGill University (McGill University) in Montreal. After graduation, he moved to the United States, where he received a job at the International Training Center YMCA (International YMCA Training School) in Springfield (Springfield), Massachusetts. There he was assigned to find a suitable occupation for a "nepispravimyh" group. Winter in New England were cold, and the boys were forced to stay indoors: they quickly get bored with games designed for enclosed spaces in which they played all day. Naismith developed basketball, based on a game called "Duck on a Rock" ( "Duck on a Rock"), in which he played as a child. Naismith took the janitor's two baskets of fruit that hung on the opposite sides of the gym, and used a soccer ball.

The first game took place on December 21, 1891 and ended with the score 1-0. Finally, on the bottom of the basket holes cut out, because the janitor tired of every time to climb the stairs to remove the ball from there.

Since then, the popularity of the game began to grow, and Naismith lived to the time when basketball became an Olympic sport in 1936 in Berlin. The creator of this sports game died on 28 November 1939.

3. Baseball

History of the origin of famous sports games

The most common legend about the appearance of baseball has it that it was invented in Cooperstown (Cooperstown), New York, in the summer of 1839 Abner Doubleday (Abner Doubleday). Invented the game, Doubleday went on and became a hero of the American Civil War. The only problem is that all this is not true. In 1839, a person with such name and surname and lived in West Point (West Point).

Baseball probably occurred because of two English games. The first game called "rounders" was child's play, who came to New England with the colonists, and the second game - cricket.

Year of the founding of modern baseball can be called in 1845, when a group of New Yorkers formed a baseball club New York Knickerbocker Baseball Club. The most influential member of the club was a bank employee by the name of Alexander Joy Cartwright (Alexander Joy Cartwright), who came up with many of the rules that have become the foundation of baseball.

2. Soccer

History of the origin of famous sports games

The first game that eventually became American football, passed between players from Princeton (Princeton) and Rutger (Rutgers) November 6, 1869. However, it was more of a football match. After the game yeltsy developed his own sports game and called it the "Boston game" ( "The Boston Game").

It was a bit like a football, but if the player was pursued his rival, he could raise the oval ball and run with it, or discard it or pass the ball. If it was not running for the player of the opposing team, he had to hit the ball with his foot.

14 and 15 May 1874 yeltsy hosted the team at McGill University in Montreal, who was also a set of its own rules for football. On the first day they played in the "Boston game". On the second day they played "makgillskuyu version of" football, which had more elements of rugby. Each team had 11 players, they played an oval ball and the player can pick up the ball and run with it at any time.

After two games Yale team decided that they liked the version of the McGill University and accepted these rules. Yes, you read correctly: the basics of American football have been developed by the Canadian university.

Football 1.

History of the origin of famous sports games

Football today is the most popular sports game in the world, and perhaps because it is an innate part of human life. Games like football, can be dated even in 2500 BC. e., when ancient Egypt people were kicking the ball during the celebration of fertility.

In China, from 476 to 221 BC. e. people played a game called "chicha" ( "jichu"), which roughly translates as "a blow to the foot ball." The meaning of the game was to throw a leather ball stuffed with feathers, through the fabric, hanging between the two uprights. Players may use any part of his body except the hands. Warriors played the game, to keep fit. In a similar game as played in Ancient Rome. Each team had 27 players and they should only have to make sure that the ball was in the gate of the other team. And because the action took place in ancient Rome, people are often injured and killed during the game, which sounds much more exciting than watching modern football.

The game, reminiscent of football continued to play until the Middle Ages and the modern era of football started in 1863. Then rugby football and football broke away from each other, and the Football Association (Football Association) was formed in England. This governing body has developed most of the rules and guidelines that gave birth to the modern football.